Some Submarine Second-Guessing (1991)

Trying to decipher the characteristics of modem Russian submarines and their weapons is a tricky proposition. Unlike Soviet-built tanks and aircraft, no Russian first-line submarine has ever been exported to an ally - so no one has ever been captured and analyzed by the Western Powers. And since no Soviet nuclear sub has ever fired a shot in anger, their weapon systems have never been observed under combat
conditions. These factors combine to make anyone's conclusions about the capabilities of Russian submarines subject to considerable debate. Here is an attempt to inflict mine upon the FLEET system.